朝菌不知晦朔,蟪蛄不知春秋。此小生之短也,而浩然若天地者,何哉?
原文解读:庄子用这两句诗来表达人类对于时间和存在的无知和渺小。朝菌和蟪蛄都是微不足道的生物,它们不知道天地的变化和时间的流逝,只是在自己的小世界里生活。人类与之类似,生命短暂而有限,对于宏大的宇宙和时间的长河只是浩渺无边。
翻译:Morning mushrooms are ignorant of dawn and dusk, and cicadas are unaware of spring and autumn. This signifies the insignificance and ignorance of human existence. Compared to the vastness of the universe, human life is short-lived and limited, just like morning mushrooms and cicadas confined to their own little worlds.
蜩与学鸠笑之曰:“我决起而飞,抢榧而止,时则不至,而控于地而已矣;彼何坚白何先生?而蓬然丧其九族而已矣。不然,吾恐有他时也夫!”
原文解读:这是一个对人类的自嘲和自省。蜩和学鸠看到人类为所欲为、孜孜不倦地追求名利,却最终什么也得不到。它们以自己的简单方式生活,享受当下的美好,却冷嘲人类的努力成果和自以为是。它们担心人类是否会因为追求无穷无尽的欲望而遗失更重要的东西。
翻译:A locust and a cuckoo laugh and say, \"We fly when we please and perch on the branch of a Chinese parasol tree, accomplishing little. If humans strive endlessly for power and fame, they will eventually ruin themselves and their families. Otherwise, we fear they might lose something more important in the pursuit of their endless desires.\"
且夫天地之势,其可畏也不测。是故君子居则观其象而玩其辞,动则观其变而玩其文。故飞不离其所操,虽危而不败也;鱼不离其所水,虽困而不死也。
原文解读:庄子告诉我们,天地运行的力量是无法预测和测量的,存在着无穷无尽的变化。因此,作为一个有智慧的人,应该在安定时观察天地的运行规律和变化,品味其中的美妙;在行动时观察世界的变化,欣赏其中的巧妙。这样,就像飞禽之不离其所,虽然面临危险但不会失败;鱼之不离水,虽然遭遇困境但不会死亡。
翻译:The power of the universe is awe-inspiring and unpredictable. Therefore, a wise person observes and appreciates the patterns and changes of the world in stillness, and enjoys the beauty of its expressions in motion. Just like birds that never stray from their nests, they may face danger but won't be defeated; fish that never leave their water, they may encounter hardships but won't die.
是故至人无丑,无丽,无轻,无重,无远,无近,无声,无色。易谓之道也。独立而不改,变化而不迁,吉士怀其德,其可谓至矣。
原文解读:至人是指修炼到极致的人,他们超越了功利和外在的标准,不以相貌、美丽、身轻、声重、远近、声色等为评价标准。他们独立不群,不为外界干扰改变自己。他们时刻保持着内心的平和与善良,被称为“至人”。
翻译:The transcendent person is neither ugly nor beautiful, neither light nor heavy, neither distant nor close, neither loud nor colorful. This is what the Tao is all about. They remain independent and unaffected by external influences, embracing change without shifting their core values. These virtuous individuals deserve the title \"transcendent\" as they hold on to their inner goodness.
《达生篇》以独特的视角剖析了人生的微妙与哀婉,并以深邃的智慧和卓越的写作技巧展现出丰富的内涵和魅力。这篇文章不仅仅是一篇哲学作品,更是一次对人生和人性的深入思考和洞察,它隽永而动人的文字渗透着庄子对人生与自然的独到见解。读完《达生篇》,我们不禁被庄子深沉的智慧所触动,思索起我们自己的存在,以及对于人生的理解和追求。
庄子的文字给予我们启迪,引发我们对人生和自然的思考。通过深入剖析他的思想,我们能够体验到他对自由、自我解放和超越的追求,体悟到生命的伟大和宇宙的辽阔,从而提升内心的超越力和洞察力。愿我们在追求人生意义的道路上,能够不断探索、思考,并从庄子的智慧中获得启发和指引。
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